Cardiac disease or Heart disease includes various conditions that impact the heart and its proper functioning. There are several types of cardiac diseases, such as coronary artery disease (CAD), heart failure, and cardiomyopathy, that are commonly seen. Intravenous treatment with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is both secure and successful in managing cardiovascular conditions like heart failure and coronary artery disease. These stem cells, which are present in the connective tissue around the umbilical cord, have been proven to possess a strong ability to grow and multiply rapidly, and they can transform into different kinds of cells, such as human heart muscle cells.
Stem cells have the ability to regenerate heart tissue by going through a process called differentiation. During differentiation, they transform into specific cell types like heart muscle cells or blood vessels. This phenomenon takes place as a reaction to signals emitted by the nearby surroundings, which could include growth factors and proteins found in the extracellular matrix. Once stem cells have transformed into heart muscle cells, they have the ability to merge with the neighboring tissue and aid in the healing, development, and revival of the tissue cells. It is believed that this process happens by creating new blood vessels and making growth factors that trigger the increase and specialization of neighboring cells.